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Kenganal, Mallikarjun
- Management of Soft Rot of Banana Caused by Erwinia carotovora sub sp. Carotovora
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur (Karnataka), IN
2 Agricultural Extension Education Centre, Koppal (Karnataka), IN
3 AICRP on Rice, Agricultural Research Station, Gangavati (Karnataka), IN
1 Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur (Karnataka), IN
2 Agricultural Extension Education Centre, Koppal (Karnataka), IN
3 AICRP on Rice, Agricultural Research Station, Gangavati (Karnataka), IN
Source
International Journal of Plant Protection, Vol 10, No 2 (2017), Pagination: 381-385Abstract
Banana a fruit of poor and rich is source of food and fibre. It has multiple uses of its all plant parts. However, its cultivation is hampered by many diseases like in other crops. The least known soft rot disease among farmers caused by Erwinia carotovora subsp. Carotovora has become a threat to banana cultivation. The present study was aimed to identify suitable control measures of soft rot to avoid plunging banana yield. A field experiment was conducted for two years during 2014 and 2015 by imposing eight different treatments with three replications on 25 plants in each treatment in an orchard severely affected by soft rot. Results obtained were statistically analysed and yield was subjected to cost benefit ratio analysis. Among the treatments imposed, drenching and foliar spray of copper oxychloride 50WP at 3g/l + streptomycin sulphate 0.5g/l at 15 days interval, beginning from 15 days after planting and application of bleaching powder 25g/plant/month two inches away from pseudostem around the collar region upto four months was found most effective and recorded lowest soft rot disease incidence of 7.67 per cent during 2014 and 9.28 per cent during 2015. This treatment also recorded highest bunch yield of 32.9kg/plant during 2014, 30.03kg/plant during 2015. The pooled disease incidence was 8.47 per cent and yield of 31.47kg/plant. This treatment showed highest cost benefit ratio of 3.54 compared to control which had 1.6. Neither copper oxychloride nor the streptomycin sulphate alone or in combination could give better results as earlier reported. But their mixed application both by drenching and foliar spray had better impact and most effective when coupled with application of bleaching powder. The results conclude effective control of soft rot can be done without compromising the yield by following best treatment of the experiment.Keywords
Banana, Soft Rot, Erwinia carotovora, Management, Drenching.
References
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- Biological Management of Foliar Diseases in Organic Rice Cultivation
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur (Karnataka), IN
2 Agricultural Extension Education Centre, Koppal (Karnataka), IN
3 AICRP on Rice, Agricultural Research Station, Gangavati (Karnataka), IN
1 Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur (Karnataka), IN
2 Agricultural Extension Education Centre, Koppal (Karnataka), IN
3 AICRP on Rice, Agricultural Research Station, Gangavati (Karnataka), IN
Source
International Journal of Plant Protection, Vol 10, No 2 (2017), Pagination: 404-409Abstract
Organic rice has high demand due to increased health awareness among the consumers about ill effects of high pesticide residues in food commodities which are integral part of every day. The premium price for organic produces and low cost inputs are other attraction among the organic farmers who are keen to cultivate organic rice. In order to overcome the losses in rice due to diseases, suitable non-chemical management strategies are need of the hour. The current experiment was conducted to identify the biointensive rice diseases management opportunities suitable for organic rice growers. Bio inputs such as Beejamrutha, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Panchagavyya, cow urine, vermiwash and Neem oil were tested in ten different treatments over two years on organically maintained plot. Seed treatment of rice with P. fluorescens, @ 5g/kg followed by dipping of 30days old seedlings in P. fluorescens (0.5%) solution for 30 minutes followed by topical application of P. fluorescens 5g/l + Neem oil 5ml/l at an interval of 15 days beginning from first application at 15 days after transplanting had the lowest incidence of diseases in both the years. The pooled analysis concluded this treatment most effective with lowest incidence of leaf blast (23.27%), bacterial leaf blight (21.36%) and sheath blight (28.38%), respectively compared to control which had 39.31 per cent leaf blast, 37.31 per cent of bacterial leaf blast and 45.78 per cent of sheath blight. This treatment also recorded highest grain yield of 6800kg/h and 7833kg/h during 2014 and 2015, respectively. The average yield recorded was 7316kg/ha with a cost benefit ratio of 2.11. In control, two years average yield was 3740kg/h with the cost benefit ratio of 1.49 which concludes that best treatment recorded has more promising returns with multiple benefits. Organic rice growers can easily adopt with low cost and no dependence on chemical pesticides. Use of P. fluorescens and Neem oil had neither residue problem nor mode of application making them ideal choice for biointensive management of rice diseases.Keywords
Organic Rice, Disease Management, Biointensive, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Neem Oil.References
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- Spatial Variability of Mungbean Yellow Mosaic Virus (MYMV) in North Eastern Karnataka
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Authors
Meghashree Meti
1,
Mallikarjun Kenganal
1,
Gururaj Sunkad
1,
D. S. Aswathanarayana
1,
U. K. Shanwad
2
Affiliations
1 Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur (Karnataka), IN
2 Department of Agronomy, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur (Karnataka), IN
1 Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur (Karnataka), IN
2 Department of Agronomy, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur (Karnataka), IN
Source
International Journal of Plant Protection, Vol 10, No 2 (2017), Pagination: 420-428Abstract
Mungbean a protein rich legume has high demand but, supply is hindered due to poor production and productivity due to mungbean yellow mosaic virus (MYMV) disease. The North Eastern Karnataka being the pulse bowl of the state annually suffers from MYMV incidence. In order to control this whitefly transmitted virus, knowledge and information about its distribution across the region is essential to formulate the strategies of management. In the present study a roving survey was undertaken to know the incidence and present status of MYMV in mungbean among the six districts of North Eastern Karnataka (NEK) region viz., Bellary, Bidar, Koppal, Kalaburgi, Raichur and Yadgir during Kharif 2016, when the crop was at 30 to 45 days old. The GPS position and MYMV incidence in each location were recorded and used to develop GIS map to know the spatial distribution of MYMV in different talukas of six districts. The results showed varied incidence of MYMV across many locations. Highest disease incidence was recorded at Koppal district with 33.33 per cent followed by Bellary (21.45 %), Raichur (19.70 %), Kalaburgi (17.44 %) and Yadgir (15.76 %) districts. The least disease incidence was noticed at Bidar district (5.66%). Higher MYMV incidence in Koppal was mainly due to favourable weather for multiplication and survival of whitefly population which spreads the virus. The virus inoculum in summer crop and weed hosts were found acting as source of inoculum. Findings of the study revealed that higher incidence in Koppal would provide suitable disease pressure for screening of genotypes developed against the MYMV infection and also develop management strategies in each district based on the disease incidences recorded.Keywords
MYMV, Mungbean, Kharif, PDI (% Disease Incidence), Survey, NEK, GPS.References
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